Introduction to IC

Integrated Circuit

A collection of one or more gates fabricated on a single silicon chip is called an integrated circuit (IC).
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Generations of Integration Circuits

SSI (Small Scale Integration)

MSI (Medium Scale Integration)

LSI (Large Scale Integration)

VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration)

VLSI

VLSI, or Very Large Scale Integration refers to a technology through which it is possible to implement large circuits in silicon - circuits with up to a million transistors. The VLSI technology has been successfully used to build microprocessors, signal processors, memories.

The miniaturization of hand held device is a great example of VLSI.

Challenges in designing an IC

Small Size

High Speed

Less Power Dissipation

Basic steps in IC fabrication